Pelajaran 67 – Menyatakan Persetujuaan

PART I: BEFORE THE BROADCAST

Masih ingat? ……..BAGAIMANA MENYATAKAN PENGERTIAN JUGA TERHADAP KALIMAT POSITIP

CHRIS: I’m studying Engineering.

IWAN: I am TOO.

CHRIS: I like swimming.

IWAN: I do TOO.

Sekarang …..CARA LAIN UNTUK MENYATAKAN PENGERTIAN DI ATAS ….

CHRIS: I’m studying Engineering.

IWAN: SO am I. (= I am too.)

CHRIS: I like swimming.

IWAN: SO do I. (= I do too.)

Pola yang kita pakai ialah SO + KATA KERJA PEMBANTU + KATA BENDA/KATA GANTI.

(Susunan kata pola ini sama dengan susunan kata kalimat tanya, tetapi pola tersebut bukanlah pertanyaan, melainkan suatu kalimat berita. Kalimat ini diucapkan dengan lagu kalimat berita, yaitu menurun.) Lihatlah!

So am I [SOUw_əm_AI] (Dan perhatikanlah tekanan kalimatnya.)

Lihatlah beberapa contoh lagi dengan pola di atas, dan perhatikanlah kata kerja yang dipakai. Kalau kata kerja yang digunakan mempunyai lebih dari satu bagian, maka hanya bagian pertamalah yang dipakai, yaitu kata kerja pembantu.

He’s working hard….. SO is she.

Jane can type ………… SO can Helen.

I’ve got a secret……… SO has my sister.

We’ll be there ………… SO will our friends.

He must go….. SO must Bert.

She’d prefer to walk……. SO would I.

She’d forgotten the address….. SO had I.

Kalau pernyataan pertama memakai bentuk Simple Present atau Simple Past, maka dalam tanggapannya kita memakai kata kerja pembantu do/does atau did.

Chris likes coffee……. SO does Iwan.

They drive to work….. SO do I.

We went home early……. SO did everyone else.

Dan masih ingatkah? BAGAIMANA MENYATAKAN PENGERTIAN JUGA TERHADAP KALIMAT NEGATIP

CHRIS: Jane can’t come tonight.

IWAN: Don can’t EITHER.

CHRIS: I didn’t see that film.

IWAN: I didn’t EITHER.

Sekarang …..CARA LAIN UNTUK MENYATAKAN PENGERTIAN TERSEBUT

CHRIS: Jane can’t come tonight.

IWAN: NEITHER can Don. (= Don can’t either.)

CHRIS: I didn’t see that film.

IWAN: NEITHER did I. (= I didn’t either.)

Kita memakai pola NEITHER (= NOT EITHER) + KATA KERJA PEMBANTU + KATA BENDA/KATA GANTI dan lagu kalimatnya sama dengan lagu kalimat untuk pola so + kata kerja + kata benda/kata ganti:

Neither am I [NIdhər_əm_AI] ATAU [NAIdhər_əm_AI] (Perhatikanlah kedua ucapannya.)

Catatan: Karena neither merupakan kata negatip, maka kata kerja yang dipakai dalam bentuk positip. Berikut ini beberapa contoh lagi:

Guido can’t swim……. Neither can Bert.

She hasn’t seen that film ……… Neither have we.

This doesn’t belong to Chris …… Neither does that.

She wasn’t working hard ……… Neither were we.

PENDAPAT, HARAPAN, dsb

I think it’s going to rain.

He thinks she works hard.

I think she’s making tea.

— I don’t think it’s going to snow.

— He doesn’t think she works hard enough.

— I don’t think she’s making coffee.

Pola-pola kalimat ini berbeda dengan bahasa Indonesia. Dalam bahasa Inggris, kata kerja think/suppose dijadikan negatip, dan kata kerja kedua tetap berbentuk positip.

I don’t think she works hard = Saya kira dia tidak bekerja keras.

I suppose he’ll come to the party — he likes parties.

I suppose she’s finished — it’s 5 o’clock.

I suppose he was surprised at the news.

— I don’t suppose you know the answer?

— I don’t suppose you can give me his address?

— I don’t suppose it will rain — it looks fine.

I hope he’ll be there.

She hopes it’ll rain.

I hope he’ll pass the exam.

— I hope he doesn’t catch a cold.

— She hopes it won’t rain.

— I hope he hasn’t forgotten to buy the fish.

Pola kalimat negatip sama dengan bahasa Indonesia.

I’m afraid he’s working hard.

I’m afraid this is too expensive to buy.

She’s afraid he’s going to leave soon.

— I’m afraid she isn’t working hard enough.

— I’m afraid this isn’t cheap enough to buy.

— She’s afraid she won’t have enough money.

Catatan: 1. Mengenai contoh-contoh dalam no. 2 di atas, I suppose (atau I guess, yang artinya sama) sama dengan I think, tetapi I suppose lebih mengandung arti menganggap atau menerka. Ungkapan I don’t suppose seringkali dipakai misalnya dalam kalimat I don’t suppose you can tell me the time? Ini merupakan pertanyaan yang umum dan berarti Can you tell me the time? (Lihatlah kedua contoh pertama dalam no. 2 di atas.)

Mengenai contoh-contoh dalam no. 4 di atas, ungkapan I’m afraid tidak selalu menunjukkan waktu yang akan datang. Ungkapan ini dapat juga menunjukkan waktu sekarang maupun waktu lampau, dan kira-kira berarti sayang, atau sering juga diterjemahkan dengan saya kira. I’m afraid biasanya dipakai kalau kita berbicara tentang sesuatu yang kita sesalkan.

TANGGAPAN/JAWABAN

Do you think it’ll cost a lot?

(Yes,) I think so.

— I don’t think so.

Will the Smarts be at the party?

I suppose Helen’s enjoying herself.

(Yes,) I suppose so*.

— I don’t suppose so.

Are you going to buy a car this year?

(*I think so sedikit lebih tegas dari pada I suppose so.)

Has she finished her work yet?

I hope so.

— I hope not.

Are your neighbours going to sell their house?

Will it be very cold in England?

I’m afraid so.

— I’m afraid not.

Can you help me fix this?

Tanggapan singkat di atas kita pakai supaya kita tidak perlu mengulangi apa yang dikatakan oleh pembicara sebelumnya. Perhatikan bagaimana kita membuat tanggapan negatip dengan think/suppose dan dengan (be) afraid/hope.

RANGKUMAN KATA KERJA YANG DIPAKAI UNTUK MENYATAKAN PENDAPAT DSB, DAN UNTUK MEMBERI TANGGAPAN

Pendapat dsb positip

I think [THINGK]

I suppose [səPOUZ]

I hope [HOUP]

I’m afraid [əFREID] = Sayang

Pendapat negatip

I don’t think

I don’t suppose

I hope + kata kerja negatip

I’m afraid + kata kerja negatip

Tanggapan positip

I think so

I suppose so

I hope so

I’m afraid so

Tanggapan negatip

I don’t think so

I don’t suppose so

I hope not

I’m afraid not

BE READY FOR THESE WORDS AND PHRASES IN THE BROADCAST

Europe [YŪrəp] = Eropah

an injection [inJEKsYən] = suntikan

travellers’ cheques [TRÆV(ə)ləz ceks] = cek turis

a (suit)case [(SŪT) KEIS] = kopor/koper

stay with [STEI widh] = tinggal pada/dengan

lend-lent-lent* [LEND-LENT-LENT] = meminjamkan

guess [GES] = mengira = suppose

especially [əSPESY(ə)li] = terutama

*We lend something to someone, but borrow from someone.

Sekarang, mari persiapkan diri untuk mengikuti siaran interaktif berikut:

PART II: AFTER THE BROADCAST

BACAAN

In the broadcast you heard about Helen’s trip to Europe. Her friend Sarah is going too. Helen and Sarah saved their money for a long time. Helen worked in a restaurant at night because she wanted to earn more money.

Some young Australians — men and women — like travelling to other countries — especially to Europe or to Asian countries. Perhaps you’ve met some young Australians in Indonesia. (You can practise your English with them!)

These young Australians must work very hard — perhaps in two jobs, like Helen — and then they can save enough money to go for a trip. Usually, they travel very cheaply and sometimes they work in England or Europe while they are there.

Yes, Australians like travelling, but of course many Australians haven’t got enough money to go for a trip.

EXERCISES

A. Kerjakanlah latihan di bawah ini seperti contoh berikut.

Example: Chris likes coffee. (Iwan)

Answer: So does Iwan.

Example: Jane can’t come. (Don)

Answer: Neither can Don.

1. Helen’s been working hard. (Sarah)
2. I enjoyed the trip. (My friend)
3. He can’t solve this problem. (She)
4. He’s busy at the moment. (They)
5. I didn’t get up early. (Mum)
6. Don plays tennis on Saturdays. (Bob Smart)
7. He doesn’t remember her name. (I)
8. I’d prefer to walk. (She)

B. Kerjakanlah latihan di bawah ini seperti contoh berikut. (Perhatikanlah, berikut ini hanya diberikan dua contoh, tetapi saudara harus memakai delapan pola yang berbeda dalam jawaban saudara.)

Example: Has Mum washed my blue shirt? (Yes ….. think)

Answer: I think so.

Example: I don’t suppose she’ll help us. (No ….. suppose)

Answer: I don’t suppose so.

1. Do you think she’ll come? (Yes ….. think)
2. Do you think he’ll come with her? (No ….. think)
3. Can you lend me some money? (Yes ….. suppose)
4. Must we leave now? (Yes ….. afraid)
5. Will Bill help us? (Yes ….. hope)
6. Did she spend a lot of money? (No ….. hope)
7. Was she sick yesterday? (Yes ….. afraid)
8. I don’t suppose he’ll pass his exam. (No ….. suppose)
9. Can you drive me to the shops? (No ….. afraid)

C. Pilihlah: I hope so atau I hope not.

Example: We’ve had too much rain. Do you think it’ll stop soon?

Answer: I hope so.

Example: I think she’s working too hard. Is she working at the moment?

Answer: I hope not.

1. We all like Bill. Will he be at the party tonight?
2. She’s very tired. Has she finished her work yet?
3. They have plenty of money. Did they borrow some from her?
4. Dad’s late every night. Do you think he’ll be early tonight?
5. Did Jane forget to pay for the coffee?
6. Will Helen be away long?

D. Pilihlah: I’m afraid so atau I’m afraid not.

Example: Did you hurt yourself?

Answer: I’m afraid so.

Example: Didn’t she pass her exam?

Answer: I’m afraid not.

1. I’m sorry. I’ve taken your umbrella, haven’t i?
2. Must you leave so soon?
3. Can’t they fix the machine?
4. I don’t think she’s working hard enough. Do you?
5. Did he drive too fast?
6. Did your sister pass her exams?
7. He was bored, wasn’t he?
8. Has she broken the window?
9. I’m sure this is wrong.
10. Are you using this heater?
11. Is that handsome man your boyfriend?
12. Can you lend me some money?