Pelajaran 42 – Menjelaskan Beberapa Kegiatan yang Terjadi Pada Saat yang Lampau

PART I: BEFORE THE BROADCAST

KEGIATAN YANG SEDANG BERLANGSUNG PADA WAKTU LAMPAU—lanjutan

Masih ingat?

Kegiatan yang berlangsung pada suatu saat tertentu di waktu lampau

At 8 o’clock last night I WAS WRITING a letter.

At this time yesterday she WAS WATERING the garden.

This time last year we WERE FLYING to Indonesia.

PAST CONTINUOUS

Kegiatan yang berlangsung lama disela oleh kejadian singkat

I WAS CROSSING the street when I SAW him.

He WAS FILLING IN a form when he LOST his temper.

We WERE SINGING together when a friend DROPPED IN.

PAST CONTINUOUS + SIMPLE PAST

Sekarang…

Dua kegiatan atau lebih terjadi pada waktu yang sama dan berlangsung lama

I WAS WATCHING T.V. while (= sementara) she WAS STUDYING.

We WERE HAVING lunch while they WERE PLAYING tennis.

She WAS HAVING a shower while he WAS COOKING the dinner.

They WERE MUSTERING the sheep while he WAS FEEDING the cattle and we WERE RIDING.

atau: She WAS STUDYING while I WAS WATCHING T.V.

They WERE PLAYING tennis while we WERE HAVING lunch. dsb.

PAST CONTINUOUS + PAST CONTINUOUS

Perhatikanlah bahwa kegiatan kedua dalam contoh-contoh di atas dapat disebutkan lebih dahulu tanpa mengubah arti keseluruhan kalimat.

Kata while juga dapat kita letakkan pada permulaan kalimat: While I WAS WATCHING T.V. she WAS STUDYING.

Suatu kegiatan singkat dilakukan selama kegiatan lain berlangsung untuk waktu yang lama

While he WAS WORKING in the garden, she ANSWERED the phone.

(Atau: She ANSWERED the phone while he WAS WORKING in the garden.)

He READ the letter while he WAS HAVING dinner.

PAST CONTINUOUS + SIMPLE PAST

(Perhatikanlah bahwa kedua kegiatan itu dapat dipertukarkan tempatnya dalam kalimat, tetapi kata while selalu dipakai di muka kegiatan yang berlangsung secara terus-menerus untuk waktu yang lama.)

Dalam contoh-contoh tadi, kegiatan yang singkat tidak menyela kegiatan yang lama.

Kegiatan yang singkat itu mulai dan selesai selama kegiatan yang lama masih berlangsung terus.

Kadang-kadang kedua kegiatan itu tidak ada hubungannya.

Bandingkanlah:

While it was raining I went to bed. (Kedua kejadian tidak ada hubungannya)

While he was studying the phone rang. (Kejadian kedua menyela kejadian/kegiatan pertama)

Catatan: Perbedaan pemakaian 2 dan 4 di atas tidak selalu jelas, dan tidak perlu diperhatikan, karena pola kalimatnya sama.

BERSIAP-SIAPLAH UNTUK MENDENGAR KATA-KATA DAN UNGKAPAN INI DALAM SIARAN

shine [SYAIN] = bersinar

cut [KAT] = memotong

slice [SLAIS] = memotong/mengiris

heat [HIT] = memanaskan

boil [BOIL] = merebus

soup [SUP] = sop/sup

as usual [æz YŪzyūwəl] = seperti biasa(nya)

while [wail]

lose-lost [LŪZ-LOST]

continue [kənTINyū] = terus/meneruskan

pick [PIK] = memetik

startled [STĀtəld] = terkejut/kaget

learn-learnt [LƏN-LƏNT] (atau learned)

language [LÆNGgwij] = bahasa

a head [HED] = kepala

he came up to me [hī KEIM_AP tə mī] = dia mendekati saya

it’s easy to forget [əts_īzi tə fəGET] = Memang mudah lupa!

the lights went out [ðə LAITS WENT_AUT] = lampunya mati

the lights came on [ðə LAITS KEIM_ON] = lampunya menyala

the Agriculture Department [dhī_ÆGrəkəlcə dəpātmənt] = Departemen/Kementerian Pertanian

Sekarang, mari persiapkan diri untuk mengikuti siaran interaktif berikut:

PART II: AFTER THE BROADCAST

PEMAKAIAN KATA-TANYA DALAM PERTANYAAN TENTANG KEGIATAN YANG SEDANG BERLANGSUNG DI WAKTU LAMPAU

Kita sudah tahu: WHAT were you doing (at) this time last night?

Kata-kata tanya lain dapat kita pakai dengan cara yang sama:

WHERE was he going when you saw him?

WHEN were they playing football?

WHY was she looking angry?

HOW were they managing?

WHO was he speaking to last night?

BACAAN

Dalam siaran kita mendengar Iwan, Chris dan Helen bercakap-cakap.

Iwan sedang membicarakan apa yang terjadi beberapa hari yang lalu.

Sekarang bacalah apa yang diceritakannya kepada Helen dan Chris:

I was walking through the park at about four o’clock.

I was going to the library.

And while I was walking it started to rain.

So I stood under a tree.

While I was standing there, a little girl came up to me and asked me my name and where I lived.

While I was talking, the little girl’s mother arrived.

So we started to talk, and while we were talking the rain stopped.

We continued to talk.

The lady’s husband lived in Indonesia for about six months, about five years ago.

Anyway, while he was living in Indonesia he learnt to speak the language.

The woman invited me to visit them that night for dinner.

So I went there that night.

I met the husband.

He lived in Sumatra when he was in Indonesia.

He was working with the Agriculture Department while he was there.

I tried to talk to the husband — his name was Ray Adams — in Indonesian, but he didn’t remember much Indonesian.

But while we were having dinner, there was a loud noise and suddenly the lights went out.

Ray shouted in perfect Indonesian: “Aduh! Ada apa ini?”

Then the lights came on.

When they came on, Ray and I were laughing because, well, it was funny.

He spoke perfect Indonesian when he was startled.

LATIHAN

A. Pelajarilah kembali bacaan di atas, dan jawablah pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut dengan kalimat lengkap.

Jawaban saudara harus mulai dengan kata di dalam kurung.

1. At what time was Iwan walking through the park? (He . . .)
2. Where was he going? (He . . .)
3. What happened while he was walking? (While . . .)
4. What did he do? (He . . .)
5. When did the lady’s husband live in Indonesia? (He . . .)
6. Where did the lady’s husband live when he was in Indonesia? (He . . .)
7. What was the man’s name? (His . . .)
8. What happened while they were having dinner? (There . . .)
9. What did Ray shout? (He . . .)
10. What were Ray and Iwan doing when the lights came on? (They . . .)
11. What did Ray do when he was startled? (He . . .)

B. Pelajarilah contoh berikut, dan kerjakan latihan di bawah ini sesuai dengan contoh tersebut.

Contoh: I (WATCH T.V.) ………… she (STUDY)

Jawab: I was watching T.V. while she was studying.

1. She (COOK) ………… he (PREPARE his lectures)
2. I (SWIM) ………… you (SIT on the beach)
3. We (PAINT the dining room) ………… they (PAINT the lounge)
4. The children (PLAY) ………… their mother (PREPARE the lunch)

C. Perhatikan kegiatan-kegiatan dalam setiap contoh di bawah ini.

Kegiatan mana yang berlangsung lama dan terus-menerus, dan mana yang singkat?

Pelajarilah contoh-contoh berikut dan kerjakan latihan di bawah ini sesuai dengan contoh-contoh tersebut.

Contoh: water the garden — answer the phone

Jawab: While I was watering the garden she answered the phone.

Contoh: finish — chat

Jawab: I finished while she was chatting.

1. have dinner — turn off the radio
2. yawn (once) — tell a long story
3. take her photo — walk in the park
4. clean the car — pick a rose
5. read the paper — go out
6. correct the exercises — go to bed