Pelajaran 48 – Menggunakan Too Much Dan Too Many

PART I: BEFORE THE BROADCAST

Masih ingat? HOW MUCH?

How MUCH sugar do you want?

How much money has Iwan got?

How much milk do you want?

HOW MANY?

How MANY letterS does Iwan write each week?

How many children are there in your family?

How many people did they invite?

Sekarang . . . 1. TOO MUCH . . . dan . . . TOO MANY

too much atau too many berarti terlalu banyak.

Lihatlah kalimat-kalimat berikut:

There’s TOO MUCH traffic.

He drank TOO MUCH lemonade.

There’s TOO MUCH noise.

tetapi . . .

There are TOO MANY cars.

He ate TOO MANY cakes.

There are TOO MANY mosquitoes.

Jangan lupa bahwa much hanya dipakai dengan kata benda yang tidak dapat dihitung, jadi bentuk tunggal kata kerja yang dipakai: There’s too much . . . , diikuti oleh kata benda dalam bentuk tunggal.

Kata many dipakai dengan kata benda yang dapat dihitung, jadi bentuk jamak kata kerja yang dipakai: There are too many . . . , diikuti oleh kata benda dalam bentuk jamak pula.

TOO + KATA SIFAT

Lihatlah kalimat-kalimat berikut:

She’s TOO busy. She can’t come.

The water’s TOO COLD. I can’t drink it.

It’s TOO HOT here. I can’t study.

The music’s TOO LOUD. I can’t stand it.

I can’t stand it berarti Saya tidak tahan.

TOO + KATA SIFAT + TO + KATA KERJA

Lihatlah kedua kalimat berikut:

She’s too busy. She can’t come.

atau dapat dikatakan . . .

She’s TOO busy TO come.

Di bawah ini ada contoh-contoh lain:

Golongan 1: She’s too tired to go berarti terlalu cape untuk pergi.

She’s TOO tired. She can’t go to the party menjadi She’s TOO tired TO go to the party.

He’s TOO sick. He can’t leave the house menjadi He’s TOO sick TO leave the house.

She’s TOO young. She can’t drive menjadi She’s TOO young TO drive.

Lucia’s grandmother is TOO shy. She doesn’t go out menjadi Lucia’s grandmother is TOO shy TO go out.

He’s TOO old. He can’t work menjadi He’s TOO old TO work.

Golongan 2: It’s too hot to drink berarti terlalu panas untuk diminum.

The coffee’s TOO hot. I can’t drink it menjadi The coffee’s TOO hot TO drink.

This shirt’s TOO old. I can’t wear it to the party menjadi This shirt’s TOO old TO wear to the party.

The plate’s TOO hot. I can’t touch it menjadi The plate’s TOO hot TO touch.

Dalam bahasa Inggeris Golongan 1 dan Golongan 2 sama.

Berhati-hatilah dengan PENGUCAPANNYA!

Too selalu ditekankan dan diucapkan dengan huruf hidup yang panjang: [TŪ].

To dalam kalimat-kalimat ini tidak pernah ditekankan tetapi diucapkan dengan cepat: [tə].

Coba latih mengucapkan contoh-contoh berikut dengan suara keras:

too hot to drink diucapkan [TŪ HOT tə DRINGK].

too busy to come diucapkan [TŪ BIZI tə KAM].

Tetapi jangan lupa bahwa to diucapkan [tūw] sebelum sebuah huruf hidup:

too hot to eat diucapkan [TŪ HOT tūw ĪT].

Dan sebuah kata baru yang juga menunjukkan jumlah: ENOUGH.

ENOUGH ( = cukup) + KATA BENDA

Lihatlah contoh-contoh di bawah ini:

Is there ENOUGH milk?

Is there ENOUGH bread?

Is there ENOUGH time?

Have you got enough money?

Have you got enough petrol?

Are there ENOUGH chairs?

Are there ENOUGH pencils?

Are there ENOUGH eggs?

Have you got enough envelopes?

Have you got enough cups?

Perhatikanlah: (a) Kata enough dapat dipakai baik dengan kata benda yang dapat dihitung maupun kata benda yang tidak dapat dihitung.

(b) Kata enough letaknya selalu DI DEPAN kata benda.

KATA SIFAT + ENOUGH

Lihatlah contoh-contoh di bawah ini:

The plates aren’t big ENOUGH.

The soup isn’t hot ENOUGH.

The music isn’t loud ENOUGH.

The coffee isn’t sweet ENOUGH.

Perhatikanlah: Enough letaknya DI BELAKANG kata sifat.

KATA SIFAT + ENOUGH + to + KATA KERJA

Lihatlah kalimat-kalimat berikut:

Helen’s old ENOUGH to drive.

Chris isn’t rich ENOUGH to buy a car.

They’re clever ENOUGH to understand.

The soup isn’t hot ENOUGH to eat.

The music isn’t loud ENOUGH to hear.

The car isn’t cheap ENOUGH to buy.

BERSIAP-SIAPLAH UNTUK MENDENGAR KATA-KATA DAN UNGKAPAN INI DALAM SIARAN

a mosquito [məsKĪtou] = nyamuk.

a bike [BAIK] = sepeda.

reach [RĪC] = tiba.

be careful [bī KEəfəl] = berhati-hati.

look after [LUK Āftə] = menjaga.

thick [THIK] = tebal.

salty [SOLTi] = asin.

too [TŪ].

enough [əNAF].

a pig [PIG] = babi.

a farmer [FĀmə] = petani.

a popular saying [POPyələ SElying] = pepatah.

he smokes too much = dia merokok terlalu banyak.

there isn’t enough room = tidak cukup tempat.

everybody out [EVribodiy AUT] = semua keluar!

we won’t be able to eat it [wī wount bīElbəl tūw ĪTət] = kita tidak akan dapat memakannya.

too many cooks spoil the broth [TŪ MENi KUKS SPOIL dhə BROTH] = lebih dari satu nakhoda rusak haluan.

Sekarang, mari persiapkan diri untuk mengikuti siaran interaktif berikut:

PART II: AFTER THE BROADCAST

PERCAKAPAN

MRS SMITH: I invited thirty people to the party.

MR SMITH: That’s too many people. We haven’t got enough cups or glasses . . . or plates. And we haven’t got enough chairs. The house isn’t big enough. It’ll be too crowded and thirty people make too much noise. The neighbours will complain. And what about food?

MRS SMITH: Don’t worry. There’ll be enough food to eat. I’ll cook a chicken with some rice and some vegetables. And we can invite the neighbours. We can borrow some cups and glasses from them. The guests can stand or they can sit on the floor.

LATIHAN

A. Lihatlah contohnya, kemudian jawablah dengan cara yang sama.

Contoh: There are twenty people, but we’ve only got fifteen chairs.

Jawab: We haven’t got enough chairs.

1. There are ten children at the party, but there are only six glasses.
2. There are ten people, but we’ve only got three beds.
3. There are thirty people at the party, but there are only five bottles of lemonade.
4. The car’s $3,000, but we’ve only got $1,000.

B. Pilihlah dari daftar kata sifat yang terdapat di bawah contohnya.

Contoh: I can’t eat this soup.

Jawab: It isn’t hot enough.

LOUD BIG DEEP HOT

1. I can’t wear this dress.
2. I can’t hear the music.
3. I can’t eat that soup.
4. Don’t swim in that river.

C. Lihatlah contohnya kemudian lakukanlah latihannya dengan cara yang sama.

Contoh: I can’t pick this box up. (heavy)

Jawab: It’s too heavy.

Contoh: I can’t go out. (sick)

Jawab: I’m too sick.

1. I can’t drink this coffee. (sweet)
2. I can’t go to the party. (tired)
3. I can’t work. (sleepy)
4. I can’t reach the shelf. (high)

D. Dalam latihan ini saudara diminta menyempurnakan setiap kalimat. Pilihlah dari daftar kata kerja untuk jawaban saudara.

Contoh: She’s too old . . . . . . .

Jawab: She’s too old to work.

WORK DRINK UNDERSTAND EAT

1. The water’s too cold . . . . . . .
2. The food’s too hot . . . . . . .
3. I’m too tired . . . . . . .
4. He’s too young . . . . . . .