PART I: BEFORE THE BROADCAST
Masih ingat?
Whose bag is that? It’s Iwan’s.
Whose shoes are those? They’re Chris’s.
(Untuk menunjukkan milik, kita memakai nama seseorang + ‘s.)
Sekarang… MILIK/KEPUNYAAN-Lanjutan
It BELONGS to me. = Ini/Itu kepunyaan saya. (It’s MINE.)
That poster BELONGS to us. (It’s OURS.)
I OWN it.
We OWN it.
This cow BELONGS to him. (It’s HIS.)
Those horses BELONGS to you. (They’re YOURS.)
He OWNS it.
You OWN them.
Who DO these pets BELONGS to? (They’re HERS.)
The heater BELONGS to them. (It’s THEIRS.)
She OWNS them.
Who’s THE OWNER of this heater?
(Perhatikan bahwa kata-kata his, hers, yours, ours dan theirs semuanya berakhir dengan S, tetapi mine tidak.)
Kita memakai kata Mine, his dsb untuk menunjukkan bahwa suatu benda/barang adalah kepunyaan kita. Perhatikan pemakaian kata-kata ini untuk mengganti my, dsb + kata benda. Dan perhatikanlah juga bahwa kata-kata tersebut dapat mengganti baik bentuk tunggal maupun bentuk jamak kata benda.
That’s my bucket. That’s mine.
Those are his shirts. They’re his.
They’re our children. They’re ours.
IWAN: Do you know Tom Atkins, Chris?
CHRIS: Oh, yes, he’s A friend OF MINE.
A friend of mine = one of my friends. Ungkapan seperti ini kita pakai kalau kita berbicara tentang orang-orang yang dekat dengan kita. Lihatlah contoh-contoh berikut:
Mrs Brown is a neighbour of ours. ( = one of our neighbours)
She’s a neighbour of Mrs Smith’s, too.
I met some friends of yours. ( = some of your friends)
They’re friends of John’s, too.
Jane is a cousin of hers.
She’s a cousin of Betty’s, too.
Bagaimana menyatakan milik suatu benda/barang
the address of the house
the age of the building
the head of the department
the owner of the car (Perhatikanlah, kita memakai of dan bukan ‘s.)
Perhatikanlah perbedaan berikut:
the girl’s age TETAPI the age of the house
the man’s name TETAPI the name of the street
the boy’s head TETAPI the head of the department
BE READY FOR THESE WORDS AND PHRASES IN THE BROADCAST
It’s time to go. [ets TAIM tə GOU] = Sekarang sudah saatnya untuk pergi.
It’s starting to rain. [ets STÃting tə REIN] = Hujan mulai turun.
Does it rain much in Melbourne? [daz_ət REIN MAC_in MELbən] = Apakah di Melbourne sering hujan?
AND BE READY FOR THESE WORDS AND PHRASES
lots of [LOTS_əv] = a lot of
mine [MAIN]
I’ll help you with your bag [ail HELP yū widh yō BÆG] = Mari saya bawakan tas saudara.
his [HIZ]
hers [HƏZ]
ours [AUəZ]
yours [YŌ(ə)Z]
theirs [DHEəZ]
The car belongs to him [dhə KĀ bəLONGZ tə HIM] = Mobil itu milik dia.
write down [RAIT DAUN] = mencatat (menulis)
unusual [anYŪzyuwəl] = luar biasa
the boy’s height [dhə BOIZ HAIT] = tinggi badan anak laki-laki itu
the child’s weight [dhə CAILDZ WEIT] = berat badan anak itu
the man’s income [dhə MÆNZ_IN(G)kam] = penghasilan orang (pria) itu
Australian Rules [əSTREILyən RŪLZ] = sejenis permainan sepakbola
a foot = B
a leg = A (or A + B)
a hand = Y
an arm = X (or X + Y)
the National Gallery [dhə NÆSY(ə)nəl GÆL(ə)ri] = Gedung Kesenian Nasional (tempat menyimpan dan memamerkan lukisan)
the Botanical Gardens [dhə bəTÆNikəl GĀdənz] = Kebun Raya
Flinders Street Station [FLINDəz STRĪT STEIsyən] = Stasiun Kereta Api Flinders Street
an umbrella [amBRE lə] = payung
a tram [TRÆM] = trem
the top [dhə TOP] = bagian atas/atap (mis. lemari, bis)
a carriage [KÆRij] = gerbong
a hotel [houTEL] = hotel
a leg [LEG] = kaki (lihat gambar di atas, 2 kaki (misalnya, kursi, meja))
a camera [KÆM(ə)rə] = kamera/alat pemotret
a brother-in-law [BRADHər_in lō] = ipar laki-laki
a part of [PĀT_əv] = sebagian dari
a professor [prəFESə] = profesor
a taxi [TÆKsi] = taksi
a train driver [TREIN draivə] = masinis kereta-api
a ticket [TIKət] = karcis
There you are! [DHEə yūw_Ā] Ungkapan ini diucapkan kalau seseorang telah melakukan sesuatu untuk orang lain, atau kalau menyampaikan/menawarkan/menunjukkan sesuatu kepada orang lain.
All aboard! [ŌL_əBŌD] = Ayo, semua naik! (biasanya diucapkan oleh pegawai stasiun kalau kereta api sudah hampir berangkat)
He’s got the biggest mouth in Melbourne. [hīz got dhə BIGəst MAUTH_in MELbən] = Dia yang paling cerewet di Melbourne.
Watch it, mate! [WOC_ət MEIT] = Awas, bung!
over here [OUvə HIə] = di sini
Get your money out [GET_yō MANiy_AUT] = Siapkan uang saudara/Keluarkan uang saudara
like most Australians [LAIK MOUST_əSTREILyənz]
It isn’t working [ət_IZənt Wəking] = Tidak jalan
world-famous [WəLD FEIməs] = terkenal di seluruh dunia
Sekarang, mari persiapkan diri untuk mengikuti siaran interaktif berikut:
PART II: AFTER THE BROADCAST
Catatan lebih lanjut tentang milik
Ingatlah bagaimana kita menyatakan milik satu orang: Chris’s book, Jane’s dress, Helen’s camera. Kita menambahkan ‘s di belakang nama orang yang dimaksudkan.
Kalau dua orang atau lebih memiliki sesuatu, maka tanda ‘ ditambahkan di belakang s, tetapi ucapannya sama. Lihatlah contoh berikut:
Guido has three brothers. They own a shop. It’s his brothers’ shop.
Tom has two sisters. They own that house. It’s his sisters’ house.
… dan … the boys’ book.
the Smarts’ place (= the Smarts’ house).
… dan juga … in a week’s time tetapi in three weeks’ time, in four years’ time.
Kita memakai my own/her own dsb untuk memberi tekanan, seperti halnya kata ‘sendiri’ dalam bahasa Indonesia: milik saya sendiri dsb. Lihatlah contoh-contoh berikut:
CHRIS: Guido’s looking for a shop, isn’t he?
LUCIA: Yes, he wants his own shop. (Di sini, own adalah kata sifat; kata tersebut selalu didahului oleh his, her, dsb.)
JANE: Is that your own radio, Helen?
HELEN: No. I’ve borrowed it. It’s Chris’s.
JANE: Oh, it isn’t your own, then. (Di sini own adalah kata ganti.)
Kata-kata kerja own, belong to dan have ( = own) tentu saja dapat dipakai dalam tenses yang berbeda-beda:
BERT: We owned a business in the country.
MRS SMITH: Oh, that’s interesting.
MARGARET: Yes, Bert and I had our own business in the country.
HELEN: Have you had this piano for long, Lucia?
LUCIA: Well, it doesn’t belong to me, actually. As a matter of fact, I’ve never had my own piano.
HELEN: Who owns it, then?
LUCIA: My uncles do.
CONVERSATION
IWAN: Chris, whose book is this? Is it yours?
CHRIS: No, it isn’t mine. Why are you asking?
IWAN: I want to borrow it. Does it belong to Helen?
CHRIS: No, it isn’t hers. I think it’s Jane’s, as a matter of fact.
IWAN: Oh! I’ll ask Jane. Jane, is this your book?
JANE: No, it isn’t mine. Ask Don.
IWAN: Don, does this book belong to you?
DON: Yes, it’s mine. Do you want to borrow it?
IWAN: Yes, please, I’d like to.
EXERCISES
A. Isilah dengan kata-kata yang tepat…
CHRIS: That’s a nice shirt, Iwan. Is it y……….?
IWAN: Yes, it’s ……….
JANE: Helen’s wearing some pretty shoes. Are they h……….?
CHRIS: No, they aren’t ………. They’re Mum’s.
JANE: Don and I bought these chairs from Bob. He didn’t want them, so they’re ………. now.
HELEN: Mum and Dad have some like that. But I like y………. better than t……….
BERT: This isn’t my tie. It’s Chris’s. It’s ……….
MARGARET: These aren’t my shoes. They’re Helen’s. They’re ……….
B. Gantilah ungkapan yang dicetak tebal dengan satu kata. Lihatlah dulu contoh berikut.
Example: Which shirt do you want? Answer: Which one do you want?
Example: This is my typewriter. Answer: This is mine.
Example: Is that your book? No, it’s Helen’s book. Answer: Is that yours? No, it’s hers.
- Which tie will I wear?
- Is this your shirt? No, it’s Chris’s shirt.
- Are these his posters? No, they’re Helen’s posters.
- Which film did you see?
- Are these your clothes? No, they’re Margaret’s clothes.
- Which camera is Lucia’s?
C. Kerjakanlah latihan di bawah ini sesuai dengan contoh berikut.
Example: Who owns this umbrella? Don? Answer: Yes, it’s his.
- Who does this bike belong to? Iwan?
- Who are the owners of that cattle station? Tom and Betty Field?
- Who owns this clock? You?
- Whose purse is this? Margaret’s?
- Is this the Smarts’ car?
- Are those yours and Helen’s?
D. Bacalah cerita berikut dan jawablah pertanyaan-pertanyaan di bawah ini. Berikanlah jawaban singkat di mana mungkin.
Today’s Saturday and Don’s got a lot of jobs to do. Don has his own home, like most Australians, so on weekends he works in the house or in the garden. Today he’s mowing the lawn. His own lawnmower isn’t working, so he’s borrowed his neighbour’s. This afternoon he’s going to wash the car. The car is his own, of course. It doesn’t belong to his neighbour!
- Does Don own his own home?
- Do most Australians own their own home?
- What does Don do on weekends?
- Has Don got a lawnmower?
- Does Don’t neighbour own a lawnmower?
- Why has Don borrowed his neighbour’s lawnmower?
- Who does the car belong to?
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