Pelajaran 85 – Mengingat Kembali Kata Kerja Bantu

PART I: BEFORE THE BROADCAST

Dalam siaran kita terutama akan meninjau kembali hal-hal yang sudah kita pelajari, khususnya tentang pemakaian kata-kata kerja pembantu: is, are, was, were; have, has; do, does, don’t; can; must; will; may; might; have to.

Kita juga akan berlatih memberi jawaban singkat yang memakai kata kerja pembantu, seperti:

(a) Jawaban yang berbentuk pertanyaan untuk menunjukkan rasa heran atau perasaan lainnya:

CHRIS: Iwan’s studying in the library.

RON: Is he?

CHRIS: Iwan’s been to Melbourne.

RON: Has he?

(b) Tanggapan atas suatu pernyataan:

CHRIS: I’ve been to Indonesia.

RON: I haven’t.

CHRIS: I haven’t learnt the guitar.

RON: Iwan has.

(c) Jawaban yang berbentuk pertanyaan dan berarti really? (= oya?/begitu?)

CHRIS: I like cricket.

RON: Do you?

CHRIS: I went to Indonesia last year.

RON: Did you?

(d) Pertanyaan yang digunakan untuk memperlancar jalannya percakapan:

IWAN: I must go now.

MARGARET: Must you?

IWAN: Yes. I’ll be late if I don’t hurry.

Apakah saudara masih ingat bentuk menyangkal dari have to? Lihatlah kembali Lesson 66. Ada bentuk lain yang dapat dipakai untuk mengganti don’t have to, yaitu NEEDN’T.

Lihatlah contoh-contoh berikut:

I don’t have to get up early tomorrow. sama dengan I NEEDN’T get up early tomorrow.

You don’t have to go yet. sama dengan You NEEDN’T go yet.

We don’t have to be there till eight. sama dengan We NEEDN’T be there till eight.

They don’t have to do any more exams. sama dengan They NEEDN’T do any more exams.

She doesn’t have to work tomorrow. sama dengan She NEEDN’T work tomorrow.

Hal-hal untuk diperhatikan:

NEEDN’T tidak pernah berubah bentuknya, jadi sama untuk semua kata ganti/benda, baik tunggal maupun jamak.

NEEDN’T diikuti oleh bentuk dasar kata kerja tanpa to.

Berhati-hatilah dengan ucapannya, yaitu [Nīdәnt]. Selama mengikuti siaran, dengarkanlah baik-baik perbedaan antara ucapan NEEDN’T (dengan bunyi hidup panjang) dan DIDN’T (dengan bunyi hidup pendek).

BE READY FOR THESE WORDS AND PHRASES IN THE BROADCAST

an assignment [әSAINmәnt] = tugas/pekerjaan rumah

a tutorial [tyūTŌriyal] = asistensi

a students’ union [STYŪdәnts-yūnyәn] = dewan mahasiswa

salad [SÆLәd] = selada (sejenis gado-gado)

a capsicum [KÆPsikәm] = sejenis cabe besar yang tidak pedas

a reference book [REFrәnsbuk] = buku referensi

a recipe book [RESәpībuk] = buku resep makanan

a blender [BLENdә] = alat listrik untuk menghancurkan bahan makanan tertentu

join a club [JOIN ә KLAB] = ikut/menjadi anggota kelab

attend a lecture [әTEND ә LEKcә] = menghadiri kuliah

attend all tutorials = menghadiri semua asistensi

actually [ÆKcū(wә)li] = sebenarnya

take-away food [TEIkәwei FŪD] = makanan yang dibeli dari restoran

Dan sebuah ungkapan lain yang mungkin sukar bagi saudara: to wear something to a place.

Misalnya, Do I have to wear a suit to the party? = Apakah saya harus memakai setelan untuk pergi ke pesta itu?

You needn’t wear a tie to lectures. = Saudara tidak perlu memakai dasi kalau pergi ke kuliah.

Sekarang, mari persiapkan diri untuk mengikuti siaran interaktif berikut:

PART II: AFTER THE BROADCAST

EXERCISES

A. Iwan bertanya kepada Chris tentang masa kanak-kanaknya. Lengkapkanlah jawaban Chris dengan mengisi setiap titik-titik dengan satu kata. Ada beberapa kalimat yang dapat dilengkapi dengan kata yang berbeda-beda.

CHRIS: Well, I started school when I was almost six. _ children in Australia have to school by the time they are six. begin at five. We living in the country, then. were living in a town, _ on a farm.

IWAN: Tell me about the town.

CHRIS: It was quite a big town. _ were three primary schools and high school. They were State . There were several private schools, . The town had a river two parks. One of the had Australian birds and animals __ it.

IWAN: What was your school like?

CHRIS: I went to the school nearest to our house. _ was able to walk to and come home at lunchtime day. It was the oldest in the town. It was a hundred years old. There a lot of old books the library. There were a of trees and a lawn __ the playground.

IWAN: How long did you stay at that school?

CHRIS: I went to that school till I was in Year Five. _ the family moved to another _.

IWAN: Was it difficult to change schools?

CHRIS: No. Mum just went to see the Headmaster. _ asked her what class I been in at the other and my name and age. Because new town was much smaller, was only one school. It enrolled from Year One to Year Nine. kids left at the end Year Nine. If you wanted stay at school longer you to go by bus every __ to a town 16 kilometres away.

IWAN: What was the smaller town like?

CHRIS: We liked it. It _ a popular holiday place on coast. There was plenty of work Dad. The people were friendly. beach was beautiful. My schoolfriends I spent a lot of spare time at the beach. , because the town was small, was able to get almost __ on my bike.

IWAN: When did you leave there?

CHRIS: When I was in Year Nine. _ have lived in Sydney since then.

B. Bacalah tanya-jawab antara Iwan dan Chris di atas dengan keras, dan latihlah dengan seorang teman. Jangan lupa untuk berganti peranan.